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| Length = 61:05 | Label = Nothing/Interscope | Producer = Trent Reznor | Last album = | This album = ''Portrait of an American Family'' (1994) | Next album = ''Smells Like Children'' (1995) | Misc = }} ''Portrait of an American Family'' is the debut full-length studio album by American rock band Marilyn Manson. It was released on July 19, 1994 in the US through Nothing and Interscope Records. It was produced by Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails. The album was initially known as ''The Manson Family Album'' – a direct reference to serial killer Charles Manson's own band – but was retitled prior to release. It is the only Marilyn Manson studio album to feature bassist Gidget Gein. Gein was fired from the band after its production following a very public and destructive heroin addiction and Twiggy Ramirez, the band's roadie and friend of Gein and Manson, was put as a temporary replacement while Gein got clean and sober. He eventually took over Gein's place and briefly adopted his image. Contrary to popular belief, Ramirez did not play bass on the album. Though Sara Lee Lucas was the featured drummer on the album, Nine Inch Nails live keyboardist Charlie Clouser used a drum machine to replace the work Lucas did. Daisy Berkowitz helped compose music for all of the songs except "Prelude (The Family Trip)" and "Sweet Tooth." The album was certified Gold on May 29, 2003 by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in the United States. It spawned three singles ("Get Your Gunn", "Lunchbox" and "Dope Hat"). ==Background== Recording sessions for its national debut, ''Portrait of an American Family'', began in July 1993. Working with producer Roli Mosimann at Criteria Studios in Miami, Florida,〔 the band recorded a selection of new songs along with reworked material from their Spooky Kids repertoire and, by the end of Autumn 1993, had completed the first version of their debut, a full album's worth of material collectively known as ''The Manson Family Album''. At the time, "Snake Eyes and Sissies" was on track to be the band's first single, with a single edit having already been made. However the band was simply not satisfied with the output of these recording sessions and shelved the album for a short time. Within a few months, the band convinced rising star Trent Reznor to produce the album instead. The abrasive sonic "rawness" that Mosimann's production had brought to such groups as Swans had failed to materialize on ''The Manson Family Album''; Reznor and all the band's members thought it "sucked", and was poorly representative of Marilyn Manson's dynamic live performances.〔 In October 1993, Reznor agreed to fully commit to the project, taking them and their tapes to various studios in Los Angeles. With the help of Reznor and numerous live members of his band, Nine Inch Nails, Marilyn Manson re-recorded and reworked their old material until they were satisfied and released it under the name ''Portrait of an American Family''. "Snake Eyes and Sissies" would never see a single release and in the album's credits Mosimann is credited as an engineer with no mention of his production work. Years later, former guitarist Daisy Berkowitz was asked about these original recordings in an interview and gave the interviewer a cassette tape featuring the unused recordings. The interviewer then released them to the Internet where they are now widely available, usually labeled as ''Portrait of an American Family (Pre-Reznor Mix)'' or ''Portrait of an American Family Demos''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Portrait of an American Family」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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